Copenhagen, by no means, will be the focus during these weeks since all important leaders will attend, discuss, and then conclude a seemingly "homework", otherwise, the international momentum to address climate change will lose. In other words, it is the opportunity for us to make a new global climate deal, more in perspective, to replace the old Kyoto agreement.

First, it is very important to identify key players in this negotiation and what is their standpoints for this global challenge.

America

President Obama, definitely will declare the pre-announced pledge for US, that is, emissions from US will fall by 17 per cent by 2020 and 83 per cent by 2050 ( compared with 2005 levels). This is not a breathtaking decrease, to be honest. But, we have to find that it is the US congress, instead of the US government, that determines the direction and extent of US's endeavour in climate change. Actually, US administration cannot move forward and commit into any significant deals without approval from the congress. In the point, US congress is so too powerful to make a significant contribution to humans. Even if the decrease of 17 per cent, it is still difficult to win overall satisfaction in the congress.

Although we cannot hope US government will make any substantial huge commitment in this deal, it is still optimistic that US government will try to facilitate the negotiation forward if no commitment is required. Nevertheless, US realizes how serious the issue of climate change is.

China

China is also another key player since no one can neglect that China is the largest emitter of carbon in the world. China, the same with US, has make a pre-commitment before the Copenhagen conference. But China's commitment, in contrast to US's one, is more brave.

China try to discover a new developing way to separate himself with the old western developing model - "green to pollution to green". But no one can guarantee that China will succeed, let alone its new burden from the CO2 reduction. Anyway, China has no other better choices. If China followed the old developing way "green to pollution to green", the world will become a disaster since China alone can destroy all other countries' endeavour towards the climate change if China failed to take the same commitment.

India, Brazil

Others countries like India, Brazil, the same with China, will have to take the similar significant responsibility in this climate change, although they all need development before they become rich. Similarly, they all need new developing way to build a new economy based on the less CO2 emission.